Harbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

AUTOMATED APPROACH FOR LENGTH AND WIDTH MEASUREMENT OF CONCRETE SURFACE CRACKS USING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES

Chandan Kumar* & Ajay Kumar Sinha — 2023-07-15

The detection and measurement of cracks is an essential monitoring responsibility in civil engineering infrastructure for ensuring long-term durability, structural safety, and integrity. Traditionally, this has been accomplished through a visual inspection, with the length and width of cracks being manually collected; this method is laborious, can lead to subjective evaluations, and is fraught with inaccuracy because it is difficult to ensure an accurate spatial measurement. Although the reality that algorithms have been developed for automatic crack detection, crack length and width evaluation, which play crucial roles in structural integrity assessment and maintenance planning. This research article presents a novel approach to measuring the length and width of a concrete surface crack based on digital image processing techniques using MATLAB software. This work consists of three categories: Firstly, measurement of crack length and width by manual using a vernier caliper. Secondly, instrumental measurement by a laser distance measurement device; and thirdly, an automated method for concrete surface crack length and width measurement based on digital image processing techniques. The goal is to measure the length and width of cracks accurately and validate the measurements through the first and second methods. Automated measurement of crack length and width gives similar results compared to results obtained from manual and instrumental methods. The promising potential for precise crack dimension measurement and its use in structural engineering and non-destructive testing is highlighted by the preliminary results showing that the method is robust, efficient, and highly accurate at estimating crack length and width in digital images.

Investigation of the effects of variable beater speeds on juice yield, extraction efficiency and extraction loss of a fruit pulp extractor

Hasan Farid Khan*, Haisum Murad Khan, Hussain Sherdil Khan — 2023-07-25

An experimental study on the effects of variable beater speeds on juice yield, extraction efficiency and extraction loss of a fruit pulp extractor was conducted. The machine was designed to operate on the principle of centrifugal and shear squeezing force exerted through blades with incorporated teeth. It consists of a mild steel tapered frame, beater shaft with three blades having teeth, sieve mesh cylinder; pulp collection chamber, hopper, discharge channel. The machine is run by a set of pulleys and AC induction motor using variable frequency drive. Three mango varieties i.e. Sindhari, Chaunsa and Langra at two sieve mesh sizes 700 micron and 400 micron, two levels of clearance 35mm and 25 mm between sieve mesh cylinder and beater were tested at two different speeds i.e. 300 rpm and 600 rpm. 5 kg of mangoes for each experiment were used and 7 minutes 30 seconds time was noted for each operation. The machine was evaluated in accordance with standard evaluation methods. The time taken for juice extraction, mass of juice extracted, mass of fruits and residual wastes were recorded and used to obtain the performance indicators considered. It was recorded that pulp extractor on all the testing combinations gave the highest juice yield, highest extraction efficiency and lowest extraction loss at high speed i.e. 600 rpm and minimum juice yield, minimum extraction efficiency and highest extraction loss at low speed i.e. 300 rpm.

GLOBALLY-ASYNCHRONOUS LOCALLY-SYNCHRONOUS NETWORK-ON-CHIP (GALS-NoC) ARCHITECTURE FOR FPGAs

Trupti Patil, Anuradha M Sandi — 2023-11-16

Point-to-point or shared-bus interconnects alone cannot meet the demands of scalable, low latency, and power-efficient System-On-Chip interconnect. In this research, we suggest a novel low-latency asynchronous Network-On-Chip (NOC) architecture. In order to implement this architecture, a GALS system is used, in which chip units are constructed as synchronous islands and coupled via a Delay Insensitive asynchronous Network-on-Chip topology. The proposed NOC protocol, its asynchronous implementation, and a multi-level modeling strategy based on the System C language and Transaction-Level Modeling are all given. According to preliminary simulation results, the Asynchronous NOC can provide throughput of 5 Gbytes/s. The GALS scheme will be presented as an intermediate design approach with current results in asynchronous Network-on-Chip for future Many Core designs, as well as the principles and benefits of asynchronous logic and some thoughts on upcoming research problems. Recent asynchronous logic applications in the microelectronics sector will be described in terms of industrial acceptability, with a primary focus on the current commercial CAD tools.

Comprehensive Analysis of Microstructural characteristics of Stir Casted Al7079 Alloy

Vijayanand, M.S.Uppin — 2023-11-27

This paper deals with the experimental analysis of the aluminum ally composites reinforced with graphite and silicon carbide particles. Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with both Si-C and Gr particles outperformed composites reinforced with either Si-C or Gr alone in terms of tribological performance. The composites were casted using stir casting method with different weight ratio of reinforcements. The comparative analysis of various microstructure, tensile strength, and hardness was done. The particle size of the reinforcement was measured to be of 50 microns. The graphite particles have been varied from 3 to 5% and silicon carbide particles in the range of 5 to 15%. The six combinations have been compared to the as cast Al-7079. The results suggest that the addition of silicon carbide increases the hardness and tensile strength because of uniform distribution of the particles. The graphite particle increases the agglomeration of particles due not non-wettability of the graphite particles. The tensile strength of the AL5GR15SiC was found to 310MPa with an elongation of 11.32% and hardness of 83.21HV, whereas the as cast AL7079 demonstrate the values of 206MPa with an elongation of 13.3% and a hardness of 66.57HV. The composite of Al5GR15SiC surpasses the Al7079 and also the composites with only graphite or only silicon carbide.